Step 1 Arbi Alphabet

Alphabet ( haruf  )

Baa- from the inner part of the lips when they meet (moist part), similar to the English word “bar”.[BAA  FOR “BAQARAH” means cow ]  

Meem  - joining the outer dry part of the lips together, similar to the word the English word “meet”.  Sound comes from nose(naak).

Waw  – partial meeting of the lips, similar to the English word “wow”

Taa- tip of tongue touches the gums behind the front upper central two teeth (incisors). This letter is pronounced light.

Daal - tip of tongue touches the gums behind the front upper central two teeth. This letter is pronounced light  .

Ta  - tip of tongue touches the gums behind the front upper central two teeth. This letter is pronounced full mouth.

Tha  – tip of the tongue touches the bottom edge of the front upper central two teeth .This letter is pronounced light.

Thaal/zhaal  - tip of the tongue touches the bottom edge of the front upper central two teeth, similar to the English word” the, then, they” . This letter is pronounced light.

Za - tip of the tongue touches the bottom edge of the front upper central two teeth. This letter is pronounced full mouth  

Jeem  – centre of the tongue touches the palate, similar to the English word” jeep” but with an m on the end.

Sheen  - centre of the tongue touches  the palate, similar to the English word “sheet”.( in urdu and hindi  read as centre of the tongue very near to the palate)

Yaa    – comes from the emptiness of the mouth, similar to the English word “Yard”.(in urdu and hindi read as “ye” - centre of the tongue very near to the palate)

Alif  - from the emptiness of the mouth read lightly (barik). [ Alif  for “asad” means lion]

Hamza  – comes from the bottom of the throat close to the chest. similar to the English word at.

Haa  – comes from the bottom of the throat close to the chest, similar to the word “heart”.

Ayn -comes from the centre of the throat like the HAA mentioned before, similar to the English word” Einstein”.  

Ha  – comes from the centre of the throat pushing air out.

Ghayn  – comes from the top of the throat like KHAW, similar to a gargling sound. This letter is pronounced full mouth.

Kha  – comes from the top of the throat. This letter is pronounced full mouth

Raa  – tip of the tongue touches the upper hard palate at the front, similar to the English word raw.

Laam   – tip of the tongue touches the palate, similar to the English word “lama” (animal).

Noon   – tip of the tongue touches the palate, similar to the English word” noon”. Sound comes from nose ( naak ).

Zaa  – bring your teeth together and release, similar to the English word “zap and zoo”. This letter is pronounced light

Seen – bring your teeth together and release, similar to the English word “seen “.This letter is pronounced light

Saad  – bring teeth together and release, somewhat similar to the English word muscle. This letter is pronounced full mouth (slight whistling sound).

Dhaad  -upturned side or sides of the tongue to touch the gums of the upper back teeth (molars). This letter is pronounced full mouth. Practice must because it is difficult alphabet.

Faa - bottom edge of the upper front teeth meets the inner bottom lip, similar to the English word “farm “

Qaaf  – raising the back end of the tongue touching the palate. This is a full mouth letter.

Kaaf - raising the back end of the tongue touching the palate similar to Qaaf but a little further forward on the tongue, similar to the English word “cart”. Read light  to get the difference between “Kaaf” and “ Qaaf”.

After reading above , please see  all picture for better understanding.